1999 EARTH SCIENCE VIDEOTAPES |
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Tape Title | Record ID | Date Produced | TRT: |
Synopsis |
| LANDSAT 7 PRE-LAUNCH VIDEO FILE | G99-019 | 3/31/99 | 00:28:00 | NASA will deploy its first major asset in an unprecedented program to check the health of Planet Earth and understand the complex interactions that drive global change with the April launch of the Landsat-7, the latest mission in the Landsat series that have been documenting every square mile of the earth's landmass for more than a quarter century. |
TAPE CONTENTS: |
| ITEM (1): LANDSAT ANIMATION - Landsat 7 is the latest in a series of Earth observing satellites that have provided remotely sensed observations of the Earth's land surface and coastal regions for over 26 years. Landsat 7 marks a new direction in the program to reduce the costs of data and increase global coverage for use in global change research.
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| ITEM (2): COLLECTING THE DATA - The instrument on Landsat 7 is the Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+). ETM+ is a passive sensor that measures reflected or emitted light from the Earth's surface. The images produced by Landsat provide information on subjects such as crop planning, timber issues, population changes, water quality, while meeting the needs of business, science, education, government, and national security.
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| ITEM (3): MAKING THE IMAGES - THE LAYERS OF SAN FRANSISCO - By combining different spectral bands from the ETM+ camera, researchers can produce images highlighting different features of the land.
- "Wide Spectral Range" - highlights cleared land (red), forests in dark green.
- "False Color Infrared" (vegetation shows as red, artificial structures show as gray)
- "Natural Color" (shallow water and sedimentation patterns)
- "Forest Bands" (Highlights differences in forest composition)
- "NDVI" (sensitive to chlorophyll, phytoplankton)
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| ITEM (4): ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM - This is an illustration of the different colors of light within the electromagnetic spectrum. Landsat 7 not only has detectors positioned to look at wavelength regions of light that we can see with our eyes - blue, green, and red, but it also looks into areas we cannot see in the near- and short-wave infrared. The natural color wavelength regions can be redisplayed similar to a photograph, while those regions that we cannot see are assigned colors to make them visible.
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| ITEM (5): LANDSAT 7 IS READIED AT VALLEY FORGE, PA - Landsat 7 is readied and inspected in the clean room at Valley Forge, PA in preparation for launch.
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| ITEM (6): SCIENTISTS AT EROS - Landsat 7 will collect and archive an unprecedented quantity of high-quality multispectral data each day. The primary receiving station for LANDSAT 7 data will be at the U. S. Geological Surveys (USGS) EROS DataCenter in Sioux Falls, South Dakota. Scientists are seen working with the data.
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| ITEM (7): STUDENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND - Students at the University of Maryland work with Landsat data.
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| ITEM (8): THE LANDSAT SERIES - HISTORICAL FOOTAGE - NASA launched the first satellite in the Landsat series on July 23, 1972. Landsat 5 was launched in March 1984 and is still returning images.
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| ITEM (9): INTERVIEW - PHIL SABELHAUS, LANDSAT 7 PROJECT MANAGER, NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER
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| ITEM (10): INTERVIEW - DARREL WILLIAMS,
LANDSAT PROJECT SCIENTIST, NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER
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| ITEM (11): INTERVIEW - SAM GOWARD, LANDSAT SCIENCE TEAM LEADER, UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND
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LANDSAT LEGACY |
| The diversity of Landsat applications makes it unique among Earth observation satellites. With its 26 years of remote sensing, Landsat
claims the longest continuing observations of the Earth's continental surfaces.
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| ITEM (12): URBAN GROWTH: a. The Washington D.C. metropolitan area shows the dramatic growth taking place from 1973 through 1996. The three stages shown are taken from these dates: 1973-1985 (red), 1985-1990 (orange), and 1990-1996 (yellow).
b. Urban expansion and development are highly visible in the scene of the Pearl River Delta in the Gunagdong Province of China just north of Hong Kong. Note the reclamation of land from the sea. The Landsat imagery was taken in 1988, 1992, and 1997.
c. Shanghai, China shows tremendous growth between 1986 and 1998.NASA launched the first satellite in the Landsat series on July 23, 1972. Landsat 5 was launched in March 1984 and is still returning images.
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| ITEM (13): DEFORESTATION:a. Clear cutting (shown in red) can be seen in the Pacific Northwest near the Olympic National Forest. The imagery was taken between 1984 and 1996.
b. The clearing of the rain forest can be seen near Santa Cruz, Bolivia. The animation covers the time period from 1973, 1986, and 1996.
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| ITEM (14): ATLANTA HEAT ISLAND - Researchers use Landsat to understand how land use patterns can effect thermal surface temperatures. This image of Atlanta show the correlation between human built structures and temperature. First image shows land use patterns. Second image shows thermal signature of the Atlanta area. Researchers say temperatures in the city may be 10 degrees (f) warmer than in the surrounding environment.
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| ITEM (15): FLOOD COMPARISON ON THE MISSOURI RIVER - Views of devastating floods on the Missouri river. Data from floods are used by the insurance industry and city planners. Data acquired from September 1992 and September, 1993.
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| ITEM (16): AFTER-EFFECTS OF A VOLCANIC ERUPTION - 1996 data shows the blown-out side of the crater wall after the eruption of Mount St. Helens. During the fly-around, note the deforested areas on the north face and the soil erosion into the Toutle River.
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| ITEM (17): FIRE DAMAGE OF A CONIFER FOREST - This animation shows the destruction of the conifer forest in the Waldo Lake Wilderness area of the Willamette National Forest in Oregon. The lake in the middle of the animation is Waldo Lake. The fire occurred in the summer of 1996 destroying approximately 10,000 acres north of the lake and about 1,000 acres on the north face of Moolack Mountain. Note also the many rectangular patches of clear-cutting west of Waldo Lake.
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| ITEM (18): IMPACT CRATERS - The Araona Crater impact crater was discovered using Landsat data in 1988. It is one of the youngest crater features known and is believed to be about 20,000 years old. Located in a highly inaccessible region of the Amazon rain forest in northern Bolivia, the first expedition ever to reach this remote site took place just last year.
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| ITEM (19): MEXICO CITY - When images from Landsat are combined with elevation data, they can yield additional information about the region. In this image of Mexico City, note the ring of mountains that tend to concentrate smog and other pollutants. The city is built upon sediment which make the region vulnerable to earthquakes.
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| ITEM (20): GRAND CANYON - Landsat data is combined with elevation data to illustrate the beautiful and complex landforms of the Grand Canyon.
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| ITEM (21): CHESAPEAKE BAY - Fly from the Chesapeake Bay up the Susquehanna River all the way to Harrisburg, PA.
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| ITEM (22): INTERNATIONAL VIEWS - - Animated fly-overs of several international cities produced from cloud-free images by the LANDSAT 5 Thematic Mapper in the late 1980's.
a. Paris
b. Rome
c. Berlin
d. Beijing
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